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File:Kripa.jpg

Himanshu Bhatt — Mon, 19 Oct 2026 06:07:54 GMT

Himanshu Bhatt uploaded File:Kripa.jpg Gemini

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Gemini

File:Samgrahan.jpg

Himanshu Bhatt — Mon, 19 Oct 2026 06:01:27 GMT

Himanshu Bhatt uploaded File:Samgrahan.jpg Made in Gemini.

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Made in Gemini.

Sangrahan & Kripa

Himanshu Bhatt — Mon, 19 Oct 2026 06:00:50 GMT

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	{{Author\|Himanshu Bhatt}}		{{Author\|Himanshu Bhatt}}
			[[Image:Samgrahan.jpg\|thumb\|250px\|right\|Different ways of propitiating Brahm]]
			[[Image:Kripa.jpg\|thumb\|250px\|right\|The grace of God (Brahm)]]
	Sangrahan (propitiation) is making a [[Vratas and Utsavas\|pledge]] to [[Divinity\|the divine]] and offering something ([[worship]], [[Yajna\|self-sacrifice]] like [[Upavāsa\|fasting]]), many times to obtain divine favour/blessings/grace. It is different than just praying because it entails not just praying but appeasing [[Brahm]]. Propitiation in Sanskrit is known also as ‘upanyasa’.		Sangrahan (propitiation) is making a [[Vratas and Utsavas\|pledge]] to [[Divinity\|the divine]] and offering something ([[worship]], [[Yajna\|self-sacrifice]] like [[Upavāsa\|fasting]]), many times to obtain divine favour/blessings/grace. It is different than just praying because it entails not just praying but appeasing [[Brahm]]. Propitiation in Sanskrit is known also as ‘upanyasa’.

Upavāsa

Himanshu Bhatt — Mon, 19 Oct 2026 05:47:41 GMT

Changed position of image

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	<small>By Swami Harshananda</small>		<small>By Swami Harshananda</small>
	~~[[Image:Upvasa.jpg\|thumb\|250px\|right\|Fasting, and what occurs in conjunction with it]]~~
	Upavāsa literally means ‘fasting’.		Upavāsa literally means ‘fasting’.

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	==Observances During Upavāsa==		==Observances During Upavāsa==
			[[Image:Upvasa.jpg\|thumb\|250px\|right\|Fasting, and what occurs in conjunction with it]]
	Along with fasting the following observances are prescribed:		Along with fasting the following observances are prescribed:
	* [[Worship]] of one’s deity		* [[Worship]] of one’s deity

File:Upvasa.jpg

Himanshu Bhatt — Mon, 19 Oct 2026 05:47:03 GMT

Himanshu Bhatt uploaded File:Upvasa.jpg Made in Gemini.

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== Summary ==
Made in Gemini.

Upavāsa

Himanshu Bhatt — Mon, 19 Oct 2026 05:46:32 GMT

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	<small>By Swami Harshananda</small>		<small>By Swami Harshananda</small>
			[[Image:Upvasa.jpg\|thumb\|250px\|right\|Fasting, and what occurs in conjunction with it]]
	Upavāsa literally means ‘fasting’.		Upavāsa literally means ‘fasting’.

File:Ka Sukta.jpg

Himanshu Bhatt — Mon, 19 Oct 2026 05:02:44 GMT

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== Summary ==
Made in Gemini.

Hiraṇyagarbha Sukta

Himanshu Bhatt — Mon, 19 Oct 2026 05:02:23 GMT

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	<small>By Swami Harshananda</small>		<small>By Swami Harshananda</small>
			[[Image:Ka Sukta.jpg\|thumb\|250px\|Visual rendition of the “Ka Sukta” or “ Hiraṇyagarbha Sukta”]]
	==Significance==		==Significance==
	The suktas from the [[Ṛgveda]] are widely used in the [[Vedic Sacrifices\|Vedic sacrifices]], either as prayers or as mantras for the performance of appropriate rituals. One such [[sukta]] used in [[Paśubandha]] sacrifices is the Hiranyagarbha Sukta. Though it is used as a part of Vedic ritual, this sukta has a profound philosophical import.		The suktas from the [[Ṛgveda]] are widely used in the [[Vedic Sacrifices\|Vedic sacrifices]], either as prayers or as mantras for the performance of appropriate rituals. One such [[sukta]] used in [[Paśubandha]] sacrifices is the Hiranyagarbha Sukta. Though it is used as a part of Vedic ritual, this sukta has a profound philosophical import.

Daoism and Hinduism

Himanshu Bhatt — Mon, 19 Oct 2026 04:35:33 GMT

Creation Myth: added another article

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	==Creation Myth==		==Creation Myth==
	:''See also: [[Hiraṇyagarbha Sukta]], [[Cosmology]], [[Overview of Cosmology in the Scriptures]]''<br>		:''See also: [[Hiraṇyagarbha Sukta]], [[Cosmogony]], [[Cosmology]], [[Overview of Cosmology in the Scriptures]]''<br>
	In the Daoist story written by Xu Zheng in his ''Sānwǔ Lìjì'' (''Three Five Calendar''), a cosmic egg split open, within which came out Pangu, and he separated chaos from order, Earth from heaven - yin from yang. Pangu was the first being to have lived in the universe and when he died, his bodily components parts of the universe. This is similar to the [[Purana\|Puranic]] stories of a cosmic egg, and its embryo became [[Brahma\|Brahmā Prajapati]]. One version is that Ishvara became Swayambhu who entered into the egg It created. Once the egg hatched, and its top portion became the heaven and the bottom half the earth. The Pangu-story also bares resemblance to a Tibetan [[Yungdrung Bon\|Bonpo]] creation story wherein Kuntu Zangpo made the universe from breaking an egg.		In the Daoist story written by Xu Zheng in his ''Sānwǔ Lìjì'' (''Three Five Calendar''), a cosmic egg split open, within which came out Pangu, and he separated chaos from order, Earth from heaven - yin from yang. Pangu was the first being to have lived in the universe and when he died, his bodily components parts of the universe. This is similar to the [[Purana\|Puranic]] stories of a cosmic egg, and its embryo became [[Brahma\|Brahmā Prajapati]]. One version is that Ishvara became Swayambhu who entered into the egg It created. Once the egg hatched, and its top portion became the heaven and the bottom half the earth. The Pangu-story also bares resemblance to a Tibetan [[Yungdrung Bon\|Bonpo]] creation story wherein Kuntu Zangpo made the universe from breaking an egg.

File:Panentheism.jpg

Himanshu Bhatt — Mon, 19 Oct 2026 04:29:06 GMT

Himanshu Bhatt uploaded File:Panentheism.jpg I made this in ChatGPT.

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I made this in ChatGPT.

Theology

Himanshu Bhatt — Mon, 19 Oct 2026 04:26:46 GMT

Both Immanency and Transcendence of God (Panentheism): added image

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	==Both Immanency and Transcendence of God (Panentheism)==		==Both Immanency and Transcendence of God (Panentheism)==
			[[Image:Panentheism.jpg\|thumb\|250px\|Panentheism of Sanatan Dharm]]
	{{Cquote\|I take refuge in that self-existent Being in Whom is this Universe, and Who is beyond this (differentiated Nature) as also beyond that (Undifferentiated.)\|4=[https://vedabase.io/en/library/sb/8/3/3/ Bhagvata Purana 8.3.3]}}		{{Cquote\|I take refuge in that self-existent Being in Whom is this Universe, and Who is beyond this (differentiated Nature) as also beyond that (Undifferentiated.)\|4=[https://vedabase.io/en/library/sb/8/3/3/ Bhagvata Purana 8.3.3]}}
	<br>		<br>

File:Ritvij.jpg

Himanshu Bhatt — Sun, 18 Oct 2026 20:15:37 GMT

Himanshu Bhatt uploaded File:Ritvij.jpg Made in Gemini.

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Made in Gemini.

Rta and Spiritual Authority

Himanshu Bhatt — Sun, 18 Oct 2026 20:14:47 GMT

Succession and priesthood: added image

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	==Succession and priesthood==		==Succession and priesthood==
			[[image:Ritvij.jpg\|right\|thumb\|200px\|The 4 classes of Ritvij.]]
	{{Cquote\|I adore the flame who is in the Purohit, the divine Ritvik of the Sacrifice, the Hotr who founds the ecstasy.\|4=Rig Veda 1.1.1 <ref> "''agnimīḷe purohitaṃ yajñasya devamṛtvijam hotāraṃ ratnadhātamam'"; [https://sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv01001.htm "Hymn I. Agni."] </ref>}}		{{Cquote\|I adore the flame who is in the Purohit, the divine Ritvik of the Sacrifice, the Hotr who founds the ecstasy.\|4=Rig Veda 1.1.1 <ref> "''agnimīḷe purohitaṃ yajñasya devamṛtvijam hotāraṃ ratnadhātamam'"; [https://sacred-texts.com/hin/rigveda/rv01001.htm "Hymn I. Agni."] </ref>}}

File:Shodasha Upachara.jpg

Himanshu Bhatt — Fri, 16 Oct 2026 18:51:11 GMT

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== Summary ==
Made in Gemini.

Vaiśnava

Himanshu Bhatt — Fri, 16 Oct 2026 06:38:20 GMT

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	# Kirtanam or chanting the holy name(s) (shining examples: Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, Srila Prabhupad, Sukadeva Goswami, Valmiki)		# Kirtanam or chanting the holy name(s) (shining examples: Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, Srila Prabhupad, Sukadeva Goswami, Valmiki)
	# Smaranam or constant remembrance (shining examples: Nārada, Prahlada Maharaja)		# Smaranam or constant remembrance (shining examples: Nārada, Prahlada Maharaja)
	# Pad-sevanam or serving the lotus feet (shining examples: Bharat Raghav, Lakshmi Devi, Sudama (Kuchela))		# Pad-sevanam or serving the lotus feet (shining examples: Bharat Raghav, Lakshmi Devi, Sudama (Kuchela)
	# Archanam or deity [[worship]] (shining examples: Ambarish Raja, Prthu Maharaja, Shabari)		# Archanam or deity [[worship]] (shining examples: Ambarish Raja, Prthu Maharaja, Shabari)
	# Vandanam or praying (shining examples: Akrura, Kulasekhara Raja, Kunti Rani, Vikhānas Brahmā)		# Vandanam or praying (shining examples: Akrura, Kulasekhara Raja, Kunti Rani, Vikhānas Brahmā)
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	This ''preman'' surpasses all other types of bhakti. Sri Ramakrishna says, ‘The mature stage of bhakti is [[bhāva]]. When one attains it, one remains speechless while thinking of Satchidā[[nanda]]. The feeling of an ordinary man can go only that far. When [[bhāva]] ripens, it becomes [[mahābhāva]]. Prema is the last’<ref>''The Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna'', trans. Swami Nihilananda (Chennai,Ramakrishna Math, 2002),502–3.</ref>. When love towards God is intensified, a sweet relationship is established between God and the devotee. This ''rāgātmikā'' or ''rāgānugā bhakti'' manifests in five different attitudes (''bhāvas''): ''śānta'' (calm), ''dāsya'' (serviceful), ''sakhya'' (friendly), ''vātsalya'' (parental), and ''madhura'' (amorous). Several sentiments go to make each attitude, and each ''[[bhāva]]'' subsumes the sentiments inherent in the preceding attitude. For instance, in ''śānta bhāva'' the devotees enjoy divine bliss through meditation on the transcendental beauty of the Deity and adore him with all their hearts’ devotion. When this love matures into a personal or relational love, the devotees serve the Deity much like a servant serves the master. This stage of love includes ''sneha'' (affection), ''pranaya'' (friendship), ''māna'' (pique), and ''[[rāga]]'' (attachment). A servant enjoys both the wealth (''[[aiśvarya]]'') and sweet affection (''mādhurya'') of the Lord. Next the devotee approaches even nearer and loves the Deity as a friend (''sakhā''). This type of love includes ''[[anurāga]]'' (love as a constant freshness) in addition to the sentiments mentioned earlier. When love rises to a still higher level, it manifests as parental affection (''vātsalya'') for the beloved. All the qualities inherent in friendly love are further intensified and awareness of ''[[aiśvarya]]'' is dispelled; only ''mādhurya'' prevails. Up to this stage of parental love, the bhakti is relational (''sambandhātmikā''). When the last vestige of remoteness of the Deity vanishes from the [[mind]] of the devotee, two more mental states become manifest: ''[[bhāva]]'' (intoxication) and ''[[mahābhāva]]'' (supreme love-intoxication). The personality of the lover merges with the Beloved. The lover concentrates his or her whole being on the Beloved and becomes united with the Deity in spirit. This is the highest consummation of love for God. This has been described as amorous love (''kāmātmikā''), which is considered the highest form of contemplation in the Vaiśnava tradition. The devotees of this grade do not want liberation or anything other than divine communion—enjoying the absolute sweetness (''mādhurya'') of the Lord. This is the culmination of ''preman'', the purest love for the beloved. The state where separation is overcome and total union between the devotee and the Beloved takes place is ''mahābhāva''. The deep impact of this experience affects the entire being—the mind, body, and soul of the devotee. It manifests externally as the ''sāttvika vikāras'' (unaffected emotions), which are recognized to be eight in number: ''sveda'' (perspiration), ''stambha'' (stupor), ''romāñca'' (horripilation), ''[[svara]]-bhanga'' (broken voice), ''vaivarnya'' (pallor), ''aśru'' (tears), ''vepathu'' (tremor), and ''[[pralaya]]'' (loss of [[consciousness]]). These manifestations take place only when the mind becomes extremely pure and totally free from all worldliness. Sri Ramakrishna points out that that ‘the ordinary jīva does not experience mahābhāva or prema. He goes only as far as bhāva’ <ref>''The Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna'', trans. Swami Nihilananda (Chennai,Ramakrishna Math, 2002),255.</ref>.		This ''preman'' surpasses all other types of bhakti. Sri Ramakrishna says, ‘The mature stage of bhakti is [[bhāva]]. When one attains it, one remains speechless while thinking of Satchidā[[nanda]]. The feeling of an ordinary man can go only that far. When [[bhāva]] ripens, it becomes [[mahābhāva]]. Prema is the last’<ref>''The Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna'', trans. Swami Nihilananda (Chennai,Ramakrishna Math, 2002),502–3.</ref>. When love towards God is intensified, a sweet relationship is established between God and the devotee. This ''rāgātmikā'' or ''rāgānugā bhakti'' manifests in five different attitudes (''bhāvas''): ''śānta'' (calm), ''dāsya'' (serviceful), ''sakhya'' (friendly), ''vātsalya'' (parental), and ''madhura'' (amorous). Several sentiments go to make each attitude, and each ''[[bhāva]]'' subsumes the sentiments inherent in the preceding attitude. For instance, in ''śānta bhāva'' the devotees enjoy divine bliss through meditation on the transcendental beauty of the Deity and adore him with all their hearts’ devotion. When this love matures into a personal or relational love, the devotees serve the Deity much like a servant serves the master. This stage of love includes ''sneha'' (affection), ''pranaya'' (friendship), ''māna'' (pique), and ''[[rāga]]'' (attachment). A servant enjoys both the wealth (''[[aiśvarya]]'') and sweet affection (''mādhurya'') of the Lord. Next the devotee approaches even nearer and loves the Deity as a friend (''sakhā''). This type of love includes ''[[anurāga]]'' (love as a constant freshness) in addition to the sentiments mentioned earlier. When love rises to a still higher level, it manifests as parental affection (''vātsalya'') for the beloved. All the qualities inherent in friendly love are further intensified and awareness of ''[[aiśvarya]]'' is dispelled; only ''mādhurya'' prevails. Up to this stage of parental love, the bhakti is relational (''sambandhātmikā''). When the last vestige of remoteness of the Deity vanishes from the [[mind]] of the devotee, two more mental states become manifest: ''[[bhāva]]'' (intoxication) and ''[[mahābhāva]]'' (supreme love-intoxication). The personality of the lover merges with the Beloved. The lover concentrates his or her whole being on the Beloved and becomes united with the Deity in spirit. This is the highest consummation of love for God. This has been described as amorous love (''kāmātmikā''), which is considered the highest form of contemplation in the Vaiśnava tradition. The devotees of this grade do not want liberation or anything other than divine communion—enjoying the absolute sweetness (''mādhurya'') of the Lord. This is the culmination of ''preman'', the purest love for the beloved. The state where separation is overcome and total union between the devotee and the Beloved takes place is ''mahābhāva''. The deep impact of this experience affects the entire being—the mind, body, and soul of the devotee. It manifests externally as the ''sāttvika vikāras'' (unaffected emotions), which are recognized to be eight in number: ''sveda'' (perspiration), ''stambha'' (stupor), ''romāñca'' (horripilation), ''[[svara]]-bhanga'' (broken voice), ''vaivarnya'' (pallor), ''aśru'' (tears), ''vepathu'' (tremor), and ''[[pralaya]]'' (loss of [[consciousness]]). These manifestations take place only when the mind becomes extremely pure and totally free from all worldliness. Sri Ramakrishna points out that that ‘the ordinary jīva does not experience mahābhāva or prema. He goes only as far as bhāva’ <ref>''The Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna'', trans. Swami Nihilananda (Chennai,Ramakrishna Math, 2002),255.</ref>.

			=== Murti Puja ===
			:''See also: [[Idols]], [[Prāṇapratiṣṭhā]], and [[Murtiśilpaśāstra]]''
			[[Image:Shodasha Upachara.jpg\|thumb\|250px\|right\|The Shodasha Upachara or standard 16 steps of traditional murti puja.]]
			Worshiping Brahm through a visual aid typically gives the devotee further devotion to want to worship. Murtis can be very colourful and beautiful.

	==Scriptures==		==Scriptures==
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	The darshan it prescribes to is [[Achintya Bheda Abheda]] (basically an integration of [[Dwaita]] and [[Vishishtadvaita]]) and [[Dwaita]] itself.		The darshan it prescribes to is [[Achintya Bheda Abheda]] (basically an integration of [[Dwaita]] and [[Vishishtadvaita]]) and [[Dwaita]] itself.

	The ''~~Bhagvata~~ Purana'' confirms that instructions were imparted to someone of the Brahmā gotra, which then passed through the latter.		The ''Bhagvat Purana'' confirms that instructions were imparted to someone of the Brahmā gotra, which then passed through the latter.
	{{Cquote\|Text 17: The infallible Supreme Personality of Godhead, Vishṇu, has descended into this world by His various partial incarnations such as Lord Hamsa [the swan], Dattātreya, the four Kumārs and our own father, the mighty Ṛṣabhadeva.\|4=[https://vedabase.io/en/library/sb/11/4/ ~~Bhagvata~~ Purana 11.4.14]}}		{{Cquote\|Text 17: The infallible Supreme Personality of Godhead, Vishṇu, has descended into this world by His various partial incarnations such as Lord Hamsa [the swan], Dattātreya, the four Kumārs and our own father, the mighty Ṛṣabhadeva.\|4=[https://vedabase.io/en/library/sb/11/4/ Bhagvat Purana 11.4.14]}}

	==== Vaikhānasa ====		==== Vaikhānasa ====
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	==== Its Modern Vāllabha Tradition ====		==== Its Modern Vāllabha Tradition ====
	[[image:Sri_Vallabhacharya.jpg\|thumb\|left\|150px\|Sri Vallabha Acharya]]		[[image:Sri_Vallabhacharya.jpg\|thumb\|left\|150px\|Sri Vallabha Acharya]]
	Although the school founded by Vallabha Acharya accepts the [[Vedas]], the ''Bhagvad Gita'', and the ''Nārada Pānchrātra'' as scripture, its primary authority is the ''~~Bhagvata~~ Purana'', because this text is directly related to Krishna. For Vallabha, [[Sri Krishna]] is the [[Sat]]-cid-[[ananda]] [[Parabrahman]], also called Purusottama, even when present in his pastoral aspect as the cowherd boy of Vraja. Vallabha, however, does not accept the reality of [[Rādhā]] as in the Vrindavan Vaiśnava tradition and the Gaudīya tradition. According to Vallabha, the highest type of jiva is ''pusti jīva'', the spiritually nourished jiva. This concept of ''pusti'' is derived from the ''Bhagvatam'': ‘''posanam tadanugrahah''; ''posana'' is his grace.’<ref>Bhagvata, 2.10.4.</ref> This is why Vallabha’s system of philosophy is called Pusti Mārga. One may practice bhakti rigorously, but divine grace is nonetheless the last word and the ''summum bonum'' of life. A pusti jīva prefers to serve the Lord, even eschewing Mukti. ''Bhajanānanda'' (the joy of devotional adoration) is infinitely superior to ''[[brahmānanda]]'' (the bliss of [[Brahman]]), and this can be had through service to Krishna, the Pūrna Purusottama (the Supreme Being totally manifest). To attain this privilege, the disciplines of nine-fold bhakti mentioned earlier have been prescribed. When this bhakti matures, the devotee enters into a transcendental state in this very life and gets a spiritual body in the life beyond, in order to be perpetually engaged in the divine service of the Lord.		Although the school founded by Vallabha Acharya accepts the [[Vedas]], the ''Bhagvad Gita'', and the ''Nārada Pānchrātra'' as scripture, its primary authority is the ''Bhagvat Purana'', because this text is directly related to Krishna. For Vallabha, [[Sri Krishna]] is the [[Sat]]-cid-[[ananda]] [[Parabrahman]], also called Purusottama, even when present in his pastoral aspect as the cowherd boy of Vraja. Vallabha, however, does not accept the reality of [[Rādhā]] as in the Vrindavan Vaiśnava tradition and the Gaudīya tradition. According to Vallabha, the highest type of jiva is ''pusti jīva'', the spiritually nourished jiva. This concept of ''pusti'' is derived from the ''Bhagvatam'': ‘''posanam tadanugrahah''; ''posana'' is his grace.’<ref>Bhagvata, 2.10.4.</ref> This is why Vallabha’s system of philosophy is called Pusti Mārga. One may practice bhakti rigorously, but divine grace is nonetheless the last word and the ''summum bonum'' of life. A pusti jīva prefers to serve the Lord, even eschewing Mukti. ''Bhajanānanda'' (the joy of devotional adoration) is infinitely superior to ''[[brahmānanda]]'' (the bliss of [[Brahman]]), and this can be had through service to Krishna, the Pūrna Purusottama (the Supreme Being totally manifest). To attain this privilege, the disciplines of nine-fold bhakti mentioned earlier have been prescribed. When this bhakti matures, the devotee enters into a transcendental state in this very life and gets a spiritual body in the life beyond, in order to be perpetually engaged in the divine service of the Lord.

	=== Sri Sampraday ===		=== Sri Sampraday ===

Idols

Himanshu Bhatt — Fri, 16 Oct 2026 05:26:15 GMT

added Sanskrit terms

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	An idol is an external symbol that enlivens the living presence of the deity it represents. It is exactly same as the photograph of a person that represents him. The idol of a deity is prepared as per the directions given in the dhyānaś[[loka]]<ref>Dhyānaśloka means hymn of meditation.</ref> of the deity, revealed to sages during their depths of mystical meditation.		An idol, known as 'archā', 'dev-pratimā', 'murti', and 'sthāpya' is an external symbol that enlivens the living presence of the deity it represents. It is exactly same as the photograph of a person that represents him. The idol of a deity is prepared as per the directions given in the dhyānaś[[loka]]<ref>Dhyānaśloka means hymn of meditation.</ref> of the deity, revealed to sages during their depths of mystical meditation.

	When an idol is consecrated by the process of [[prāṇapratiṣṭhā]],<ref>Prāṇapratiṣṭhā means infilling with life.</ref> it becomes ‘alive’ by the subtle presence of that deity and can then be worshiped. It is like connecting an electric bulb with the source of electricity and putting the switch on. The scriptures are the final authority in these matters.		When an idol is consecrated by the process of [[prāṇapratiṣṭhā]],<ref>Prāṇapratiṣṭhā means infilling with life.</ref> it becomes ‘alive’ by the subtle presence of that deity and can then be worshiped. It is like connecting an electric bulb with the source of electricity and putting the switch on. The scriptures are the final authority in these matters.

Theology

Himanshu Bhatt — Fri, 16 Oct 2026 05:13:04 GMT

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	“The Hindu religion is the only one of the world’s great faiths dedicated to the idea that the Cosmos itself undergoes an immense, indeed an infinite, number of deaths and rebirths. It is the only religion in which the time scales correspond to those of modern scientific [[cosmology]]. Its cycles run from our ordinary day and night to a day and night of Brahma, 8.64 billion years long. Longer than the age of the Earth or the Sun and about half the time since the Big Bang.” - Carl Sagan, ''Cosmos''		“The Hindu religion is the only one of the world’s great faiths dedicated to the idea that the Cosmos itself undergoes an immense, indeed an infinite, number of deaths and rebirths. It is the only religion in which the time scales correspond to those of modern scientific [[cosmology]]. Its cycles run from our ordinary day and night to a day and night of Brahma, 8.64 billion years long. Longer than the age of the Earth or the Sun and about half the time since the Big Bang.” - Carl Sagan, ''Cosmos''
	</blockquote>		</blockquote>
			The terms for 'theology' in Sanskrit are 'Brahmgyān' and 'Brahmjnāna'

	Panentheism is the first and foremost theology of the Sanatan Dharm while henotheism and monotheism are secondary but they are all in conformity with each other. This is because while recognizing there is only One Supreme Being above all ([[Brahm]] or [[God]]), the immanence and transcendence of It is a doctrine that goes beyond the generic monotheism preached by other religions. While accepting there is One God above all, it does not enforce worshiping only The One. So it is monotheistic because it believes there is God, but also henotheistic because others worshipping It in another form is accepted as still worshiping the One God. Worship as polytheism (i.e., praying to ancestors) is acceptable being it does not reject The One but venerates others as well. Once a human attains Moksh, it is united with Brahm or Parmatma. Brahm is not confined to space and so is everywhere, including within ourselves. This principle is Ishavasyam. Individuals on the other hand are also connected to all that exists, and this is the [[Ātmā#Aikatmyam\|principle of aikatmyam]]. Because of this omnipresence, the central Hindu theology is panentheism. It is monotheist too because there is just one God above all other spirits. It is henotheist because, while Brahm is The Supreme, other beings worthy of worship exist, which may be pious humans or angels ([[Devatā\|demi-gods]].) Hindu theology is often aptly termed monistic theism and even open monotheism by some scholars, but is not purely polytheistic as outsiders perceive it to be. [[Bhakti Marga\|Worship (Bhakti Yoga]]) is one of the three yogas to attain Moksh.<ref>The other two are [[Gyāna Mārga\|Gyāna Yoga]] and [[Karma Mārga\|Karma Yoga]].</ref> Monotheism is known in [[Overview Of Scriptures\|Hindu scriptures]] as ekantikvad, and some sects practice it strictly, such as the [[Arya]] Samaj, Mahima, and certain [[Śaiva]] (i.e., Viraśaiva, Alakhgir) and the Vaiśnava (i.e., Pushtimarga, Ekasarana) sampradays.		Panentheism is the first and foremost theology of the Sanatan Dharm while henotheism and monotheism are secondary but they are all in conformity with each other. This is because while recognizing there is only One Supreme Being above all ([[Brahm]] or [[God]]), the immanence and transcendence of It is a doctrine that goes beyond the generic monotheism preached by other religions. While accepting there is One God above all, it does not enforce worshiping only The One. So it is monotheistic because it believes there is God, but also henotheistic because others worshipping It in another form is accepted as still worshiping the One God. Worship as polytheism (i.e., praying to ancestors) is acceptable being it does not reject The One but venerates others as well. Once a human attains Moksh, it is united with Brahm or Parmatma. Brahm is not confined to space and so is everywhere, including within ourselves. This principle is Ishavasyam. Individuals on the other hand are also connected to all that exists, and this is the [[Ātmā#Aikatmyam\|principle of aikatmyam]]. Because of this omnipresence, the central Hindu theology is panentheism. It is monotheist too because there is just one God above all other spirits. It is henotheist because, while Brahm is The Supreme, other beings worthy of worship exist, which may be pious humans or angels ([[Devatā\|demi-gods]].) Hindu theology is often aptly termed monistic theism and even open monotheism by some scholars, but is not purely polytheistic as outsiders perceive it to be. [[Bhakti Marga\|Worship (Bhakti Yoga]]) is one of the three yogas to attain Moksh.<ref>The other two are [[Gyāna Mārga\|Gyāna Yoga]] and [[Karma Mārga\|Karma Yoga]].</ref> Monotheism is known in [[Overview Of Scriptures\|Hindu scriptures]] as ekantikvad, and some sects practice it strictly, such as the [[Arya]] Samaj, Mahima, and certain [[Śaiva]] (i.e., Viraśaiva, Alakhgir) and the Vaiśnava (i.e., Pushtimarga, Ekasarana) sampradays.

Samyag Darshan

Himanshu Bhatt — Fri, 16 Oct 2026 04:44:54 GMT

Trikarana shuddhi

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	==Trikarana shuddhi==		==Trikarana shuddhi==
	{{Cquote\|Purity of speech, of body, and of mind, forgiveness, truth, firmness and intelligence, these good qualities are shown by pious persons who observe both kinds of dharm.\|4=Mahabharata 12.214.6[https://sacred-texts.com/hin/m12/m12b041.htm]}}		{{Cquote\|Purity of speech, of body, and of mind, forgiveness, truth, firmness and intelligence, these good qualities are shown by pious persons who observe both kinds of dharm.\|4=Mahabharata 12.214.6[https://sacred-texts.com/hin/m12/m12b041.htm]}}
	This process of 'purification' helps cleanse the [[mind]], speech, and deeds. ''Sarvabhutatma-bhutatma'' also means ''antahkarana-shuddhi'' ("''purity by being compassionate to all.''") The ''[[Mahabharata]]'' elaborates this concept by stating, "''Manasyekam vachasyekam karmanyekam mahatmanam''" or "''All are one; there is no disparity in ideas, expression and deeds, and he is a Mahatma who applies this concept.''" Another term for trikarana shuddhi is sattva-samshuddhi, which appears in the ''Bhagavad Gita''. The Gita says Ahimsa is committing no harm to any living creature in thought, speech, or deed.<ref>"Chapter 13" (Verses 7–11), ''Bhagavad Gita''</ref> In "Chapter 17", Krishna redefines true tapas (austerities) by splitting it into 3 balanced, non-extreme types—Austerity of the Body<ref>Śārīraṁ Tapa: Cleanliness, straightforwardness, celibacy, non-violence, and honoring teachers.</ref>, Austerity of Speech<ref>Vāṅ-mayaṁ Tapa: Speaking words that are truthful, pleasant, beneficial, and do not cause distress.</ref>, and Austerity of the Mind<ref>Mānasaṁ Tapa: Serenity, mental gentleness, silence, self-control, and purity of purpose.</ref>. The monastic order of the Vaishnav Tri-Dandin (Triple-Staffed) had its emblem of 3 staffs represent 'restraint in speech<ref> Vāg-danda </ref>, restraint in bodily senses <ref> Kāya-danda </ref>, and restraint in mind<ref> Mano-danda </ref>.		This process of 'purification', also called 'tapasa-traya', helps cleanse the [[mind]], speech, and deeds. ''Sarvabhutatma-bhutatma'' also means ''antahkarana-shuddhi'' ("''purity by being compassionate to all.''") The ''[[Mahabharata]]'' elaborates this concept by stating, "''Manasyekam vachasyekam karmanyekam mahatmanam''" or "''All are one; there is no disparity in ideas, expression and deeds, and he is a Mahatma who applies this concept.''" Another term for trikarana shuddhi is sattva-samshuddhi, which appears in the ''Bhagavad Gita''. The Gita says Ahimsa is committing no harm to any living creature in thought, speech, or deed.<ref>"Chapter 13" (Verses 7–11), ''Bhagavad Gita''</ref> In "Chapter 17", Krishna redefines true tapas (austerities) by splitting it into 3 balanced, non-extreme types—Austerity of the Body<ref>Śārīraṁ Tapa: Cleanliness, straightforwardness, celibacy, non-violence, and honoring teachers.</ref>, Austerity of Speech<ref>Vāṅ-mayaṁ Tapa: Speaking words that are truthful, pleasant, beneficial, and do not cause distress.</ref>, and Austerity of the Mind<ref>Mānasaṁ Tapa: Serenity, mental gentleness, silence, self-control, and purity of purpose.</ref>. The monastic order of the Vaishnav Tri-Dandin (Triple-Staffed) had its emblem of 3 staffs represent 'restraint in speech<ref> Vāg-danda </ref>, restraint in bodily senses <ref> Kāya-danda </ref>, and restraint in mind<ref> Mano-danda </ref>.

	Mahatma Gandhi would say, "''See no evil. Hear no evil. Speak no evil.''" This statement ties into the principle of trikarana shuddhi.		Mahatma Gandhi would say, "''See no evil. Hear no evil. Speak no evil.''" This statement ties into the principle of trikarana shuddhi.

File:Uttar Mimamsa 2.jpg

Himanshu Bhatt — Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:47:26 GMT

Himanshu Bhatt uploaded File:Uttar Mimamsa 2.jpg

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File:Uttar Mimamsa 1.jpg

Himanshu Bhatt — Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:47:07 GMT

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Darshana

Himanshu Bhatt — Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:46:42 GMT

Uttar Mimamsa

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	===Uttar Mimamsa===		===Uttar Mimamsa===
	[[image:Uttar Mimamsa 1.jpg\|thumb\|400px\|The Vedanta or Uttar Mimamsa darshan.]]		[[image:Uttar Mimamsa 1.jpg\|thumb\|400px\|The Vedanta or Uttar Mimamsa darshan.]]
			[[image:Uttar Mimamsa 2.jpg\|thumb\|400px\|The Vedanta or Uttar Mimamsa darshan.]]
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|'''Text''' \|\| [[Brahma]] Sutras		\|'''Text''' \|\| [[Brahma]] Sutras

File:Purva Mimamsa 2.jpg

Himanshu Bhatt — Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:43:33 GMT

Himanshu Bhatt uploaded File:Purva Mimamsa 2.jpg

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Darshana

Himanshu Bhatt — Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:43:13 GMT

Purva Mimamsa

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	===Purva Mimamsa===		===Purva Mimamsa===
	[[image:Purva Mimamsa 1.jpg\|thumb\|400px\|The Purva Mimamsa darshan.]]		[[image:Purva Mimamsa 1.jpg\|thumb\|400px\|The Purva Mimamsa darshan.]]
			[[image:Purva Mimamsa 2.jpg\|thumb\|400px\|The Purva Mimamsa darshan.]]
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|'''Text''' \|\| M̶i̶m̶ā̶m̶s̶ā̶ ̶S̶u̶t̶r̶a̶		\|'''Text''' \|\| M̶i̶m̶ā̶m̶s̶ā̶ ̶S̶u̶t̶r̶a̶

File:Purva Mimamsa 1.jpg

Himanshu Bhatt — Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:42:20 GMT

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File:Yoga.jpg

Himanshu Bhatt — Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:18:49 GMT

Himanshu Bhatt uploaded File:Yoga.jpg Made in Gemini.

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== Summary ==
Made in Gemini.

File:Samkhya 1.jpg

Himanshu Bhatt — Thu, 15 Oct 2026 23:45:37 GMT

Himanshu Bhatt uploaded File:Samkhya 1.jpg Made in Gemini.

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== Summary ==
Made in Gemini.

File:Nyaya 1.jpg

Himanshu Bhatt — Thu, 15 Oct 2026 23:45:10 GMT

Himanshu Bhatt uploaded File:Nyaya 1.jpg Made in Gemini.

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== Summary ==
Made in Gemini.

File:Vaisheshika 2.jpg

Himanshu Bhatt — Thu, 15 Oct 2026 23:44:28 GMT

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== Summary ==
Made in Gemini.

File:Vaisheshika 1.jpg

Himanshu Bhatt — Thu, 15 Oct 2026 23:43:52 GMT

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== Summary ==
Made in Gemini.

Darshana

Himanshu Bhatt — Thu, 15 Oct 2026 23:41:58 GMT

The Six Original Darshanas: added images for darshans

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	===Vaisheshika===		===Vaisheshika===
			[[image:Vaisheshika 1.jpg\|thumb\|400px\|The Vaisheshika darshan in detail.]]
			[[image:Vaisheshika 2.jpg\|thumb\|400px\|The Vaisheshika darshan simplified.]]
	:''See also: [[Physics and chemistry]], [[Introduction to Kannada Krithis]]''		:''See also: [[Physics and chemistry]], [[Introduction to Kannada Krithis]]''
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	===Nyaya===		===Nyaya===
			[[image:Nyaya 1.jpg\|thumb\|400px\|The Nyaya darshan.]]
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	\|-		\|-
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	===Sankhya===		===Sankhya===
			[[image:Samkhya 1.jpg\|thumb\|400px\|The classical Samkhya darshan.]]
	{{Main\|Sankhya darshana}}		{{Main\|Sankhya darshana}}
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	===[[Yoga\|Yoga]]===		===[[Yoga\|Yoga]]===
			[[image:Yoga.jpg\|thumb\|400px\|The Yoga darshan.]]
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|'''Text''' \|\| Yoga Sutras		\|'''Text''' \|\| Yoga Sutras
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	===Purva Mimamsa===		===Purva Mimamsa===
			[[image:Purva Mimamsa 1.jpg\|thumb\|400px\|The Purva Mimamsa darshan.]]
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	\|'''Text''' \|\| M̶i̶m̶ā̶m̶s̶ā̶ ̶S̶u̶t̶r̶a̶		\|'''Text''' \|\| M̶i̶m̶ā̶m̶s̶ā̶ ̶S̶u̶t̶r̶a̶
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	Dharma develops by performing Vedic rituals. By refraining from prohibited deeds and actions inspired by desires, one can be cleansed from sins. It leads to a state beyond dharma and [[adharma]]. After experiencing the result of past [[karma]], body (sareera) dies. If the state beyond dharma and [[adharma]] is attained by then, the atman does not assume sareera any more. Thus liberation from sareera forever is Moksha. Moksha is a result of nivritti dharma. One can get to swarga (heaven) by pravritti. Atman is distinct from sareera and [[indriyas]] (sense organs). There is no Iswara separate from atman. Atman is jnanasraya but not jnanarupa. That is, atman can be known through jnana but is not jnana itself. Veda is accepted as [[pramana]] in Purva Mimamsa. [[Atma]]-manas contact causes the nine Gunas (spoken of by Vaisheshika.) In the liberated state when atman liberates from contact with manas, gunas get dissolved. Atman is jada rupa in that state.		Dharma develops by performing Vedic rituals. By refraining from prohibited deeds and actions inspired by desires, one can be cleansed from sins. It leads to a state beyond dharma and [[adharma]]. After experiencing the result of past [[karma]], body (sareera) dies. If the state beyond dharma and [[adharma]] is attained by then, the atman does not assume sareera any more. Thus liberation from sareera forever is Moksha. Moksha is a result of nivritti dharma. One can get to swarga (heaven) by pravritti. Atman is distinct from sareera and [[indriyas]] (sense organs). There is no Iswara separate from atman. Atman is jnanasraya but not jnanarupa. That is, atman can be known through jnana but is not jnana itself. Veda is accepted as [[pramana]] in Purva Mimamsa. [[Atma]]-manas contact causes the nine Gunas (spoken of by Vaisheshika.) In the liberated state when atman liberates from contact with manas, gunas get dissolved. Atman is jada rupa in that state.

	===~~Uttara~~ Mimamsa===		===Uttar Mimamsa===
			[[image:Uttar Mimamsa 1.jpg\|thumb\|400px\|The Vedanta or Uttar Mimamsa darshan.]]
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|'''Text''' \|\| [[Brahma]] Sutras		\|'''Text''' \|\| [[Brahma]] Sutras

File:Aikatmyam.jpg

Himanshu Bhatt — Thu, 15 Oct 2026 18:46:32 GMT

Himanshu Bhatt uploaded File:Aikatmyam.jpg Made using Gemini.

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== Summary ==
Made using Gemini.

Ātmā

Himanshu Bhatt — Thu, 15 Oct 2026 18:44:52 GMT

Aikatmyam: added image

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	==Aikatmyam==		==Aikatmyam==
			[[Image:Aikatmyam.jpg\|thumb\|250px\|Souls are all connected to each other, including to [[Theology#References_to_3_aspects_of_God\|the soul of Brahm]].]]
	The soul is in an 'aikatmya' or interconnectivity with all.		The soul is in an 'aikatmya' or interconnectivity with all.

File:Ayurveda 1.jpg

Himanshu Bhatt — Thu, 15 Oct 2026 17:55:53 GMT

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== Summary ==
Gemini.

Ayurveda

Himanshu Bhatt — Thu, 15 Oct 2026 17:49:53 GMT

added image

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:49, 15 October 2026
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	<sup>by Sangeetha Rajah</sup>		<sup>by Sangeetha Rajah</sup>
			[[Image:Ayurveda 1.jpg\|thumb\|250px\|Rishis creating medicinal and healthy products.]]
	The word Ayurveda in Samskrit is [[a]] combination of two words "[[Ayus]]" meaning longevity and "[[Veda]]" meaning Science. So Ayurveda is the "Science of Longevity or Life".		The word Ayurveda in Samskrit is [[a]] combination of two words "[[Ayus]]" meaning longevity and "[[Veda]]" meaning Science. So Ayurveda is the "Science of Longevity or Life".

File:Gurukul.jpg

Himanshu Bhatt — Thu, 15 Oct 2026 05:20:57 GMT

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== Summary ==
Made in Gemini.

Gurukula Vyavastha

Himanshu Bhatt — Thu, 15 Oct 2026 05:20:27 GMT

Added image

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:20, 15 October 2026
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	<small>By [[User:Shankara Bharadwaj Khandavalli\|Shankara Bharadwaj Khandavalli]]</small>		<small>By [[User:Shankara Bharadwaj Khandavalli\|Shankara Bharadwaj Khandavalli]]</small>
			[[Image:Gurukul.jpg\|thumb\|250px\|The teacher lecturing his student.]]
	[[Gurukula Vyavastha]] translates as schooling and education system.		[[Gurukula Vyavastha]] translates as schooling and education system.

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:00, 19 October 2026
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	{{Author\|Himanshu Bhatt}}		{{Author\|Himanshu Bhatt}}
			[[Image:Samgrahan.jpg\|thumb\|250px\|right\|Different ways of propitiating Brahm]]
			[[Image:Kripa.jpg\|thumb\|250px\|right\|The grace of God (Brahm)]]
	Sangrahan (propitiation) is making a [[Vratas and Utsavas\|pledge]] to [[Divinity\|the divine]] and offering something ([[worship]], [[Yajna\|self-sacrifice]] like [[Upavāsa\|fasting]]), many times to obtain divine favour/blessings/grace. It is different than just praying because it entails not just praying but appeasing [[Brahm]]. Propitiation in Sanskrit is known also as ‘upanyasa’.		Sangrahan (propitiation) is making a [[Vratas and Utsavas\|pledge]] to [[Divinity\|the divine]] and offering something ([[worship]], [[Yajna\|self-sacrifice]] like [[Upavāsa\|fasting]]), many times to obtain divine favour/blessings/grace. It is different than just praying because it entails not just praying but appeasing [[Brahm]]. Propitiation in Sanskrit is known also as ‘upanyasa’.

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	===Uttar Mimamsa===		===Uttar Mimamsa===
	[[image:Uttar Mimamsa 1.jpg\|thumb\|400px\|The Vedanta or Uttar Mimamsa darshan.]]		[[image:Uttar Mimamsa 1.jpg\|thumb\|400px\|The Vedanta or Uttar Mimamsa darshan.]]
			[[image:Uttar Mimamsa 2.jpg\|thumb\|400px\|The Vedanta or Uttar Mimamsa darshan.]]
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|'''Text''' \|\| [[Brahma]] Sutras		\|'''Text''' \|\| [[Brahma]] Sutras

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	===Purva Mimamsa===		===Purva Mimamsa===
	[[image:Purva Mimamsa 1.jpg\|thumb\|400px\|The Purva Mimamsa darshan.]]		[[image:Purva Mimamsa 1.jpg\|thumb\|400px\|The Purva Mimamsa darshan.]]
			[[image:Purva Mimamsa 2.jpg\|thumb\|400px\|The Purva Mimamsa darshan.]]
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|'''Text''' \|\| M̶i̶m̶ā̶m̶s̶ā̶ ̶S̶u̶t̶r̶a̶		\|'''Text''' \|\| M̶i̶m̶ā̶m̶s̶ā̶ ̶S̶u̶t̶r̶a̶