Nirṛti

From Hindupedia, the Hindu Encyclopedia

By Swami Harshananda

Nirṛti literally means the ‘deity of unfailing misfortune’.

Various inferences of the word Nirṛti is as follows:

  • The word ‘Nirṛti’ occurs for the first time in the Ṛgveda[1] as an evil spirit, as a personification of sin.
  • Jyeṣṭhādevī or Alakṣmī is also sometimes called Nirṛti.
  • Nirṛti is more commonly pictured as the guardian deity presiding over the south-western direction. He is one of the eight dikpālakas.[2]
  • Iconographical works describe him as dark in color, with a huge body and matted hair. He has two hands carrying a sword and a shield. Caṇḍikā or Rākṣaseśvarī is his consort. He rides on a donkey. Of course, there are other descriptions also.
  • An avakīrṇin[3] was expected to sacrifice an ass to appease Nirṛti as an atonement for the sin.
  • There are other Nirṛtis also mentioned in the purāṇas. He is one of the eleven Rudras.
  • As a woman, she is the wife of Adharma.[4] Bhaya,[5] Mahābhaya[6] and Mṛtyu[7] are her off-springs.[8]


References[edit]

  1. ↑ Ṛgveda 10.165.1
  2. ↑ Dikpālakas means the guardian spirits of the quarters.
  3. ↑ Avakīrṇin is a brahmacāri who has violated the vow of chastity.
  4. ↑ Adharma means unrighteousness.
  5. ↑ Bhaya means fear.
  6. ↑ Mahābhaya means great fear.
  7. ↑ Mṛtyu means death.
  8. ↑ Ādiparva of the Mahābhārata, Chapter 67
  • The Concise Encyclopedia of Hinduism, Swami Harshananda, Ram Krishna Math, Bangalore