Rahasyatrayasara

From Hindupedia, the Hindu Encyclopedia

By Swami Harshananda

Rahasyatrayasāra literally means ‘essence of the three supreme mysteries’.

In the propagation of the principles of Viśiṣṭādvaita Vedānta, Vedānta Deśika[1] also known as Veṅkaṭanātha or Nigamānta Deśika is next only to Rāmānuja.[2] Among his many works, the Rahasyatrayasāra is the masterpiece. It expounds in the great and effective detail about the essence[3] of the three[4] supreme mysteries[5] which every spiritual aspirant of the sect of Rāmānuja[6] should know and practice.

Method of Writing Rahasyatrayasāra[edit]

Written in chaste prose in the maṇipravāla style,[7] the work is divided into four vibhāgas or sections, each section being divided into adhikāras or short chapters. The total number of such adhikāras is 32. A very brief account of these vibhāgas is as follows:

Sections of Rahasyatrayasāra[edit]

It is divided into four sections delineated as follows:

Arthānuśāsanavibhāga[edit]

It is of 20 adhikāras. It contains the following topics:

  • Introduction
  • The three secrets or mysteries as the essence of spiritual practice
  • Arthapañcaka or the five essentials to be known
  • The three fundamental principles known as Tattvatraya
  • Qualifications of a true aspirant
  • Prapatti or total surrender to God
  • Feeling of fulfillment
  • Need to perform the rites prescribed by the scriptures
  • Obviating the evil effects of transgressions
  • Liberation

Sthirikaranavibhāga[edit]

It has 4 adhikāras explaining the following topics:

  • God as the primary means of liberation
  • Bhakti[8] and prapatti[9] as the secondary means
  • The need to keep up the social disciplines as reflected in the varṇa and āśrama systems
  • Faithful description of the powers and limitations of prapatti

Padavākyayojanāvibhāga[edit]

It has 3 adhikāras including the following topics:

  • Detailed exposition of the mula- mantra[10] comprising the praṇava or Om
  • Actual name of the Lord, Nārāyaṇa, and the word namah[11]
  • Expounding of the dvayamantra consisting of two parts, which is the primary aspect of the practice of the prapanna[12]
  • Detailed elucidation of the carama-śloka[13]
  • Containing the final message of the Lord

Sampradāyaprakriyāvibhāga[edit]

It has 3 adhikāras delineating the following:

  • The ways and means of an ācārya or a teacher instructing his disciple in the tattvatraya[14] after examining him thoroughly as regards his competence
  • The characteristics of those who are unfit to be accepted as disciples
  • Preservation and transference of the spiritual wisdom in such a way that the ancient traditions are passed on to the future generations

By any standard, this book is a masterly exposition of the philosophy and sādhanas[15] of the Viśiṣṭādvaita Vedānta.


References[edit]

  1. ↑ He lived in A. D. 1268-1369.
  2. ↑ He lived in A.D. 1017-1137.
  3. ↑ Essence of sāra.
  4. ↑ Three means traya.
  5. ↑ Mysteries means rahasya.
  6. ↑ He is more well-known as Srīvaiṣṇavism.
  7. ↑ This style is Sanskrit form of the Tamil language.
  8. ↑ Bhakti means devotion.
  9. ↑ Prapatti means total surrender to God.
  10. ↑ Mula mantra is the aṣṭākṣarī or the eight-lettered mantra.
  11. ↑ Namah means obeisance.
  12. ↑ Prapanna means the one who has surrendered himself at the feet of the Lord.
  13. ↑ Bhagavadgitā 18.66
  14. ↑ Tattvatraya means three basic truths.
  15. ↑ Sādhanas means spiritual disciplines.
  • The Concise Encyclopedia of Hinduism, Swami Harshananda, Ram Krishna Math, Bangalore