By Jit Majumdar
- the eight virtues or values
- eight qualities or values that are considered the highest and most necessary for the benefit of humankind, namely: satya (truth), śauca (cleanliness), ahińsā (non-violence), anasūyā (non-envy); kşamā (forgiveness); ānŗśańsya (non-cruelty); akārpaņya (non-miserliness) and santoşa (contentment).